The Federal Reserve, the ECB and the Bank of England appear unclear on how to tackle inflation amid the Iran war

• New UK cost of living crisis looms as rising energy bills lift inflation

As the Middle East crisis drags on into its sixth month, central banks sit in a tricky position. Oil prices remain at elevated levels, stoking inflationary pressures while also threatening to weigh on growth.

The US Federal Reserve, the Bank of England and the European Central Bank are still smarting from the criticism of their inaction in 2022, when inflation soared above 10% in the UK and eurozone and over 9% in the US.

Live, rolling coverage of business, economics and financial markets as regulator says five companies can raise bills to pay for infrastructure for new housing and datacentres

The biggest factor for the FTSE 100’s underperformance on Thursday morning relative to other European markets is a big decline in the mining sector.

Chilean miner Antofagasta is the biggest faller on London’s benchmark index, down 4.9% after it cut its guidance for future output.

The London-listed miner cut its 2026 copper output estimate to between 625,000 and 655,000 metric tons, from a previous forecast of 650,000 to 700,000 tons, due to a shutdown at its Los Pelambres mine in July after extreme rains prompted Chile’s government to declare a “state of catastrophe” in the Coquimbo Region.

While there has been no material impact on key equipment and infrastructure, the miner said it will need to repair some pipeline platforms and water management systems.

Mortgage and student loan balances saw ‘small decline’ with increases elsewhere, says post alongside Fed report

Credit card debt in the United States is growing close to a record high, having crept up from $54bn to $1.26tn between April and June compared with the same period last year, according to a report by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

That figure is just shy of last year’s record high of $1.28tn.

Energy is cheaper than at its peak in late April, but gas is still nearly $1 a gallon more expensive than before the Iran war

US consumer prices cooled slightly in July as the annualized inflation rate dipped down to 3.4%, though prices still remain higher than levels seen before the war with Iran.

Though inflation decreased 0.7 percentage points in June during a brief ceasefire between the US and Iran that brought energy prices down, consumer prices have remained elevated. Price increases hit a three-year high in May, with annual inflation reaching 4.2%.