Ukraine's military intelligence has named the Russian companies that build the Su-35S fighter jet and singled out those no country has sanctioned, according to the Main Intelligence Directorate of Ukraine's Defense Ministry (HUR). The unsanctioned suppliers make parts as ordinary as wheels and fuel-system units, and one of them helped develop the aircraft. Kyiv wants sanctions efforts synchronized across every link of Russia's military-industrial complex.

The 22 firms no one has sanctioned

HUR identified 79 companies in the Su-35S production chain. Of those, 22 face no sanctions from any country restricting Russia over the war. The agency highlighted three. Rubin Aviation Corporation supplies the aircraft's braking and non-braking wheels. Gidroavtomatika builds the AU46-05 control units inside the fuel system. The Oktava research institute carried out design and development work on the Su-35S itself.

What the rest of the network builds

The 79 firms develop and produce the engines and fuel system, the control, communications, and guidance systems, the electronic warfare suite, and the main aviation missiles the jet carries into the war against Ukraine. HUR set the data out in the "Components in weapons" section of its War&Sanctions portal. The page carries a rotatable 3D model of the aircraft whose parts open onto the firms behind them, alongside directory listings and a profile for each company.

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Ukraine mapped Russia’s Su-35 down to individual control units—and found 22 firms nobody has sanctioned

Three sanctions regimes, loosely aligned

The gaps HUR points to exist because the restrictions are not one list. The EU legislates in packages, the US and other G7 states maintain their own designations, and Ukraine issues sanctions by presidential decree, each covering a different set of firms. Kyiv has spent years asking partners to synchronize those lists, and its own designations often run ahead of them. A company can therefore supply a frontline fighter and still trade freely under most of them.

Previously, HUR ran the same exercise on the Su-34, where a third of the production network was still unsanctioned. The same pattern shows up above the component level, with Russia's largest arms conglomerate covered by EU measures while hundreds of its subsidiaries are not, and Western machine tools still sitting inside Russian missile plants. 

An American AI computer has turned up inside Russia's newest cruise missile. Ukrainian specialists has found an Nvidia Jetson micro-computer in Russia's new S-71 "Monokhrom" cruise missile, the Defense Ministry's Main Intelligence Directorate (HUR) reports.

S-71M “Monokhrom is the first fully autonomous long-range strike system designed to engage not only stationary but also moving targets. The system is designed to independently decide whether to destroy a target based on threat priorities. A significant problem for such autonomous systems is determining exactly what they are attacking — a military truck or a bus carrying children.

The discovery is the latest evidence that Russia's newest weapons still run on Western technology. Ukraine has already documented hundreds of foreign components in Russian missiles and drones reaching Moscow despite sanctions.

The AI chip is the standout find

The use of the Nvidia Jetson may indicate the application of AI technologies in the missile. This capability would let the weapon process visual or sensor data onboard to identify targets or navigate, functions that depend on exactly the kind of compact AI computing it provides.

The chip sits among many foreign parts. In total, 35 electronic components used by Russia in the missile were identified, making Monokhrom another Russian weapon built substantially from foreign electronics.

The same parts show up across Russia's arsenal

HUR's analysis linked the missile to Russia's wider weapons program. The identified components included parts of a passive radar seeker that Russia has begun installing on Geran-2 drones to detect and strike Ukrainian air-defense systems and radars.

Other finds tied the missile to Russia's newest strike systems. They included a Chinese Honpho TS130C-01 camera from the jet-powered Geran-4 drone and components of the active homing seeker of the Kh-47M2 Kinzhal aeroballistic missile.

The finding sharpens the sanctions case

HUR framed the discovery as an argument for tighter enforcement.

"The discovery of an Nvidia Jetson in a new Russian missile once again demonstrates the need to strengthen sanctions pressure and coordinate the efforts of the civilized world," HUR said.

HUR specialists and Ukrainian research institutions continue to study Russian weapons and trace the origin of their electronic components to strengthen measures to block them.